What each figure means
BEV identifies battery electric vehicles; PHEV identifies plug-in hybrids. The IEA totals on this website combine both; the model tables select BEVs. Conventional hybrids and broadly defined 'electrified' vehicles are not automatically included in the same total.
Each ranking states its period, territory and source. Europe uses the coverage of the ANE/Dataforce report; North America, Brazil, Australia and Vietnam present national samples. Africa uses a reported South African market leader for 2024, within the stated coverage. We have not verified a single model ranking for every continent.
[S1][S3][S12]Sales figures do not always measure the same thing
We distinguish registrations, sales estimates and manufacturer deliveries. Sources retain their own scope: we do not combine Škoda deliveries with Dataforce registrations to fill a table. The Vietnamese sample is a VinFast announcement, rather than a measurement of the whole continent.
The latest growth statistics cover the full year 2025. The versions used for energy consumption have their own specification year. An efficiency table should not be read as the consumption of all vehicles sold in the year covered by the rankings.
[S2][S3][S4][S11]Reproducible calculations and source coverage
All energy consumption figures in the chart use combined WLTP. MG4 is converted from Wh/km to kWh/100 km by multiplying by 0.1. The calculator's prices are editable assumptions, and its formulas are explained in the guide. The additional energy adjustment starts at zero to avoid counting losses already included in WLTP twice.
Sources were consulted on 2 October 2026. We prioritise associations, public bodies and manufacturers; we indicate when a ranking comes from a journalistic compilation. Purchase suggestions are editorial analysis, rather than our own tests or promises of savings. Photos are served locally, and their licences are listed on the credits page.
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