WLTP: a laboratory reference
The European observatory EAFO defines WLTP as a laboratory procedure with conditions set by European Union regulations. For range, Tesla notes that the standard is useful when comparing electric cars, while figures marked as estimates depend on the configuration selected. Check the version, wheels and how the figure is labelled. A certified figure and a configuration estimate should retain their labels when compared.
[S47][S50]EPA: US tests and adjustments
The EPA explains that its range tests take place in a laboratory, on a dynamometer, using city and highway cycles or a multi-cycle procedure. The results incorporate adjustments for factors that the original tests do not represent and are combined for the US label. The published figure is an estimate under that method. When reading an international specification sheet, also identify the distance unit and avoid confusing energy consumption with range.
[S46]CLTC: the cycle developed in China
CLTC refers to the Chinese driving cycle. The official GB/T 38146.1-2019 entry identifies the standard for light-duty vehicles. The Standardisation Administration of China explains that its development used driving data collected on roads in the country and that the cycle was incorporated into test methods for consumption and electric range. Its context and procedure are distinct; the figure should be displayed with the corresponding cycle identified.
[S48][S49]Our method for comparing specification sheets
Our editorial suggestion is to begin by comparing equivalent versions measured under the same protocol. If you can only find different methods, display both with their labels and leave the comparison open: these procedures do not provide a universal conversion between figures. To plan a trip, add observed consumption, temperature, speed and charging points. This separates the catalogue reference from the forecast for your next leg; update that forecast as you get to know the vehicle.
Further reading for the editorial analysis[S41]